Notes1 A cursory search of the internet reveals at least a dozen firms engaged in sending money remittances to Cuba.2 For example, one of the websites associated with the Cuban government, www.cubaweb.cu, advertises the services of Duales, a Canadian company established in 1994 that facilitates money transfers to Cuba from the United States and other […]

Not all courts in the judicial system of a modern state have the same rank. There are “lower courts,” before which legal disputes are originally presented, and “higher courts” that provide a means for reviewing the lower courts’ decisions. Another distinction among courts has to do with their jurisdiction, that is, the subjects that a […]

In Cuba’s history, ecology, and economics, interaction of water with vegetation is important and complex, e.g., “A la cintura cruzamos el río y recruzamos por él—bayás altos a la orilla…” (José Martí in Diario de Campaña de Cabo Haitiano a Dos Ríos, entry of April 14, 1895, cited in Anonymous, 2004); and “Combate en el […]

From 1959 onward, the Cuban revolutionary government confiscated assets such as homes, businesses, farms, factories, and personal property belonging to U.S. taxpayers and others.1 This was the largest seizure of U.S. property in history, greater than the value of American assets taken by all other Communist governments combined.2 Although the Castro regime promised compensation for […]