Economic reforms in the mid-1980s and early 1990s transformed agricultural production, consumption, and trade in the former socialist countries of Central and Eastern Europe (CEE), and in the Former Soviet Union (FSU). Similar reform processes were implemented in China (1979) and Vietnam (1986). In the early 1990s, and as a response to the economic shock […]

El sector agropecuario (SA) encierra para la economía cubana una importancia significativa y estratégica. Las razones fundamentales por las cuales el SA resulta decisivo y estratégico, radican en: sector primario de la producción de alimentos con destino a la población y la rama ganadera, industria procesadora, y sustituto para la reducción de las importaciones de […]

Authors’ note “In 1954, only 8 percent of French households had a  refrigerator  or  a  washing  machine.”  Jeremy  D. Popkin, A History of Modern France, 2nd Edition. NJ: Prentice Hall, 2001, p. 255. We think of “fake news” as an answer to a question that has a more accurate response, and the answer is dispersed […]

Author’s note The performance of autocracies relative to democracies and to each other is of increasing interest to political scientists. In this article I attempt a contribution to that literature in a comparative study of three Hispanic dictatorships. They are those of Francisco Franco’s Spain, Fidel Castro’s Cuba and Augusto Pinochet’s Chile which, though not […]